论斯特巴的生物中心主义

On Sterba’s Biocentrism

斯特巴的生物中心主义是一种多元论生物中心主义,它是在泰勒生物中心主义基础上的进一步发展。斯特巴对泰勒的伦理原则做了一定的修改,提出了一套新伦理原则,即人类防卫原则、人类保护原则、不对称原则和恢复原则,这套伦理原则构成其生物中心主义的基本内容。进而,他将整体主义与个体主义结合起来,使得生物中心主义避免出现太过个体主义的弊端,也就调和了人类中心主义与非人类中心主义二元对立的矛盾。如此一来,斯特巴超越了以往的生物中心主义思想,为生物中心主义的合理性提供了有力的伦理辩护。

Sterba’s biocentrism is a kind of biocentrism in the view of pluralism,which is the inheritance and development of Taylor’s biocentrism.He revised Taylor’s ethical principles and put forward a set of new ethical principles,namely,a principle of human defense,a principle of human preservation,a principle of disproportionality,a principle of restitution,which constituted the basic content of his biocentrism.Furthermore,he combined holism and individualism,avoided the drawback that biocentrism was too individualistic,reconciled the dualistic antagonism between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism.In this way,Sterba transcends the previous biocentrism thought and provides a powerful ethical justification for the rationality of biocentrism.