乡村振兴背景下农业科技人才胜任力模型的构建

Construction of Competency Model of Agricultural Science and Technology Talents Under the Background of Rural Revitalization

现代农业科技创新表现出跨学科跨专业、产学研结合、科技与产业结合等发展趋势,从而对我国农业科技人才提出了更高的时代性胜任素质要求,而既有相关研究重显性胜任特征而轻隐性胜任特征。为此,选取广东省某农牧龙头企业的29名农业科技人才作为研究样本,在行为事件访谈的基础上,采用扎根理论的编码方法展开质性研究,归纳和总结农业科技人才更为深层次的胜任力特征,并构建农业科技人才胜任力模型,为农业科技人才有效遴选和培育工作提供理论支撑。结果发现:在乡村振兴背景下,农业科技人才胜任力模型包括专业知识、专业技能、身体素质、心理素质、道德品质、创新能力、风险管控和成就驱动8个主范畴;各主范畴之间的逻辑关系可分为3个层级,其中专业知识和专业技能属于基础性胜任特征,身体素质、心理素质、道德品质类于保障性胜任特征,创新能力、风险管控和成就驱动则为时代性胜任特征。从而可知,农业企业应尤其注重农业科技人才时代性胜任特征培育,在加强促进农业科技人才知识积累和科研能力建设的同时,还需要注重对其身心素养和崇高品德的培育。

The innovation of modern agricultural science and technology shows the trend of interdisciplinary and cross-professional,the combination of industry,university and research,and the combination of science and technology with industry,so as to put forward higher requirements for the competence of agricultural science and technology talents in China,but the existing related studies emphasize dominant competency characteristics over recessive competency characteristics.Therefore,taking 29 agricultural science and technology talents from a leading agricultural and animal husbandry enterprise in Guangdong province as research samples,on the basis of behavioral event interview,this paper adopts the coding method of rooted theory to carry out qualitative research,summarizes the deeper competence characteristics of agricultural science and technology talents,and constructs the competency model of agricultural science and technology talents,in order to provide theoretical support for the effective selection and cultivation of agricultural science and technology talents in China.The results show that:under the background of rural revitalization,the competency model of agricultural science and technology talents includes eight main categories:professional knowledge,professional skills,physical quality,psychological quality,moral character,innovation ability,risk control and achievement drive;the logical relationship between the categories can be divided into three levels,among which professional knowledge and professional skills belong to basic competency characteristics,physical quality,psychological quality and moral quality belong to guarantee competency characteristics,innovation ability,risk control and achievement drive belong to contemporary competency characteristics.It can be seen that,agricultural enterprises should pay special attention to the cultivation of contemporary competency of agricultural science and technology talents,while strengthen promoting the knowledge accumulation and the construction of scientific research capacity of agricultural scientific and technological talents,also need to pay attention to the cultivation of their physical and mental quality and lofty moral character.