北京“高精尖”产业生态系统发展评价

Evaluation on the Development of the "High-grade, Precision and Advanced" Industrial Ecosystem of Beijing

“高精尖”产业的发展不仅依赖于科学技术的突破,包括营商环境、配套投入和互补性产品等在内的整个配套与支撑体系也至关重要,因此,研究评价北京“高精尖”产业生态系统发展的方法,为推动北京“高精尖”产业繁荣提供参考。基于产业生态系统的视角,建构“高精尖”产业生态系统发展的关键要素指标体系,包含多样性包容性、营养物质、新陈代谢、能量转换、主体要素间的关联、环境支撑六大关键要素,并采用熵值法对评价指标进行赋权,运用限制因子和TOPSIS方法构建评价模型,对2016—2020年北京“高精尖”产业生态系统发展水平进行评价。结果表明:北京“高精尖”产业生态系统综合得分逐渐提升,从2016年的0.8868分上升到2020年的0.9970分,整体向好发展;R&D人员全时当量、投入产出效率、产业技术创新战略联盟数量及产学研结合水平为北京“高精尖”产业的限制因子,应重点突破。由此,提出北京进一步发展“高精尖”产业应加大对原始创新和自主攻关的投入、健全多元化投入机制,加大科技成果的转化利用力度,推进信息技术和制造产业融合,完善促进技术进步的产业政策等对策建议。

The development of"high-grade,precision and advanced"industries not only depends on breakthroughs in science and technology,but also the entire supporting and supporting system including business environment,supporting investment and complementary products.Therefore,the study and evaluation of the development of Beijing’s"high-grade,precision and advanced"industrial ecosystem provides a reference for promoting the prosperity of Beijing’s"high-grade,precision and advanced"industries.Based on the perspective of the industrial ecosystem,this paper builds an indicator system of key elements for the development of the"high-grade,precision and advanced"industrial ecosystem,including six key elements:diversity and inclusiveness,nutrients,metabolism,energy conversion,correlation between main elements,and environmental support,and uses the entropy method to weight the evaluation indicators,and uses the limiting factor and TOPSIS method to build an evaluation model,evaluates the development level of Beijing’s"high-grade,precision and advanced"industrial ecosystem in 2016-2020.The results show that the comprehensive score of Beijing’s"high-grade,precision and advanced"industrial ecosystem has gradually increased,from 0.8868 points in 2016 to 0.9970 points in 2020,and the overall development is good;full-time equivalent of R&D personnel,input-output efficiency,the number of industrial technological innovation strategic alliances and the level of industry-university-research integration are the limiting factors of Beijing’s"high-grade,precision and advanced"industries,which should be focused on breakthroughs.Therefore,it is suggested that Beijing should increase investment in original innovation and independent research,improve the diversified investment mechanism,increase the transformation and utilization of scientific and technological achievements,promote the integration of information technology and manufacturing industry,and improve industrial policies to promote technological progress.