基于导师作用发挥的国内外高校博士生“申请―考核”制招生案例探究

Case Study of "Application-Assessment" System for Doctoral Students Admissions in Domestic and Foreign Universities Based on the Role of Supervisors

随着我国博士生“申请―考核”选拔机制不断完善,各高校在试行或全面推行过程中逐渐积累了丰富的经验。导师是博士研究生培养的第一责任人,应在博士生选拔和培养过程中享有一定的话语权,但在博士生“申请―考核”制招生实践过程中,导师作用发挥也面临一些普遍问题。文章通过文献分析法比较德、法、美、日四国和国内部分高校博士生“申请―考核”制招生中导师作用发挥的典型案例,并就招生工作新形势下如何更好地规范和发挥导师作用进行分析探究,为进一步完善和优化博士生“申请―考核”招生选拔机制提供参考。

With the continuous improvement of the "application-assessment" selection mechanism for doctoral students in China, universities have gradually accumulated rich experience in the process of trial or full implementation.As the first person responsible for the cultivation of doctoral students, supervisors are supposed to enjoy a certain degree of power to decide in the process of doctoral selection and cultivation. However, the role of supervisors in the process of doctoral "application-assessment" admission reform is faced with the problem that the power has been "hollowed out" or "swelled". Through documentary analysis, this paper compares the typical cases of the role of supervisors in the "application-assessment" admissions system in Germany, France, the United States, Japan, and some Chinese universities, as well as analyzes and explores how to better regulate and play the role of supervisors under the new situation of admissions, so as to further improve and optimize the "application-assessment" admissions system for doctoral students.