藏东南地区人口城镇化时空演变特征研究——以林芝市为例

Research on Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Population Urbanization in Southeast Tibet——A Case Study of Linzhi City

本研究基于1982~2020年人口普查数据与社会经济相关数据,运用人口集中指数、不均衡指数和人口重心等指标,分析了藏东南地区人口城镇化的时空演变特征。研究发现:人口空间分布格局呈稳定的“西北密集、东南稀疏”态势,人口与主要城镇集中于雅鲁藏布江—尼洋河沿岸河谷和高等级道路两侧;城镇人口重心常年处于巴宜区内,总人口和农村人口重心均自东南向西北方即向巴宜区移动汇集;城镇化水平空间分异明显,渐趋形成“一核、两高、多低”的城镇化发展格局;不同等级城镇职能缺位、城镇用地扩展受阻严重制约城镇化发展。建立以中心城市为核心,县城为支点,特色城镇为依托的3级城镇化发展体系,集约化利用土地资源,将有效推动林芝市城镇化进程。

Based on the data of national population censuses from 1982 to 2020 and the socioeconomic data,the study analyzed the temporal and spatial dynamics of urbanization in southeast Tibet by using the population distribution concentration index,imbalance index and population gravity center.The result shows that:The spatial distribution pattern of population presents a stable state of"large dispersion and small agglomeration";The population and major towns are increasingly concentrated in the regions of river valleys along the Yarlung Zangbo Rivers and Niyang Rivers and high level roads;Theurban population gravity center has been in Bayi District for nearly 40 years;The gravity center of both total population and rural population moves from southeast to northwest to Bayi District;The spatial differentiation of urbanization level is obvious,gradually forming a"one core,two high and multivariate low"situation;The incomplete functions of towns at different levels and limited expansion of urban land restricts the urbanization.The study points that establishing an urban system with central cities as the core,county towns as the fulcrum,and towns with distinctive features as the support and land use intensification will effectively promote urbanization.