公共卫生背景下的城市应急物流配送模式研究

Research on Urban Emergency Logistics Distribution Mode under the Background of Public Health

随着2020年新冠疫情的爆发,医疗物资配送的高成本问题愈加凸显。文章针对应急物流中配送路径选择问题,提出了考虑时间紧迫度的应急物流配送模型,致力于解决应急物流配送成本过高的问题。时间紧迫度的影响指标包括辖区面积、医护人员数量和药品缺口率;文章运用层次分析法对各个指标加权计算时间紧迫度,并对时间紧迫度进行聚类,根据聚类结果调整时间窗。将时间紧迫度与车辆运输模型结合,运用改进遗传算法对模型进行求解。计算结果表明,考虑时间紧迫度的情况下,使运输总成本降低了31.57%。通过对比研究,分析了考虑时间紧迫度对于运输成本的优化,验证了模型的可行性。该模型的构建,使应急物流配送模式的选择更加科学合理,促进了应急物流系统的发展,加快了应急物流体系完善的进程。

With the outbreak of the new crown epidemic in 2020,the high cost of medical material distribution has become more prominent.Aiming at the problem of distribution route selection in emergency logistics,this article proposes an emergency logistics distribution model that takes into account the urgency of time,and is dedicated to solving the problem of excessively high emergency logistics distribution costs.The impact indicators of time urgency include the area of the jurisdiction,the number of medical staff,and the drug gap rate;the analytic hierarchy process is used to weight each indicator to calculate the time urgency,and the time urgency is clustered,and the time window is adjusted according to the clustering results.The time urgency is combined with the vehicle transportation model,and the improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the model.The calculation results show that considering the time urgency,the total transportation cost is reduced by 31.57%.Through comparative research,the optimization of transportation cost considering time urgency is analyzed,and the feasibility of the model is verified.The construction of this model makes the choice of emergency logistics distribution mode more scientific and reasonable,promotes the development of emergency logistics system,and accelerates the process of improving emergency logistics system.