煤矿区地质灾害公众风险感知影响因素研究——以抚顺西露天矿区为例

Factors of Public Risk Perception of Geological Hazards in Mining Areas——Take Fushun West Opencast Mining Area as an Example

煤炭长期开采不仅能导致城市面临资源枯竭,也造成城市环境污染、采空区沉陷及各类次生灾害等社会问题。为解决这一社会问题,制定有效矿区灾害风险管理和城市转型策略,维护社会稳定并推动资源枯竭城市转型发展。本文以以抚顺西露天煤矿区居民为研究对象,运用感知心理测量方法,基于田野调查数据,采用线性回归分析矿区地质灾害公众风险感知水平及影响因素。结果表明矿区地质灾害公众风险感知整体处较高水平,且各区域间存在差异性;煤矿区地质灾害风险感知的诗歌关键影响因素分别为性别、年龄、居住距离、灾害经历损失、预警知识、应急知识、对政府监测预报准确率的信任、对政府应急防御能力的信任、对政府预警信息时效性的信任、对政府治理能力的信任。基于此,针对韧性城市理念构建自下而上公众参与机制,以期为矿区地质灾害风险管理和资源枯竭城市韧性构建提供有益参考。

Long-term coal mining cannot only lead to the depletion of resources in cities,but also cause social problems such as urban environmental pollution,goaf subsidence and various secondary disasters.In order to solve this social problem,we should formulate effective disaster risk management and urban transformation strategy in mining areas,maintain social stability and promote the transformation and development of resource-exhausted cities.This paper takes the residents of the west opencast coal mine as the research object,uses the perceptual psychological measurement method,based on the field survey data,uses the linear regression analysis mining area geological hazard public risk perception level and the influence factor.The results show that the public risk perception of geological hazards in the mining area is relatively high,and there are differences among different regions Key influencing factors of geological hazard risk perception in coal mine area are gender,age,residence distance,disaster experience loss,early warning knowledge,emergency knowledge,trust in government monitoring and forecasting accuracy,trust in government emergency defense ability,trust in government early warning information timeliness,trust in government governance ability.Based on this,the bottom-up public participation mechanism is constructed for the concept of resilient cities,with a view to providing a useful reference for geological hazard risk management and resource-exhausted urban resilience construction in mining areas.