两种种植覆盖义齿修复上颌无牙颌临床效果比较

Comparison of clinical effect of twoimplant-supported overdenture for maxillary edentulousjaw

目的:对比套筒冠种植覆盖义齿与Locator式种植覆盖义齿修复上颌无牙颌的临床效果。方法:选择上颌牙列缺失患者40例,种植套筒冠覆盖义齿与Locator式种植覆盖义齿修复各20例,修复完成3月后对两组患者进行满意度调查,2年后对比分析两组患者的咀嚼功能、种植体边缘骨吸收量及种植体周围菌斑指数情况。采用SPSS21.0软件对测量数据进行统计学分析。结果:修复3月后Locator式覆盖义齿舒适度上优于套筒冠覆盖义齿,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而套筒冠覆盖义齿固位稳定功能和咀嚼功能上优于Locator式覆盖义齿,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两种修复方式在语言功能表现方面无统计学差异;修复2年后,种植套筒冠覆盖义齿组的种植体边缘骨吸收量及植体周围菌斑指数均高于Locator式覆盖义齿组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组的咀嚼效率无明显差异。结论:基于本研究中的修复设计及研究结果,认为Locator式种植覆盖义齿修复上颌无牙颌的长期临床效果将优于种植套筒冠覆盖义齿,而随着种植套筒冠覆盖义齿制作工艺和设计理念的更新,两种种植覆盖义齿的临床效果有待进一步研究对比。

Objective:Comparison of outcomes of maxillary implant overdentures retained by telescopic crown and locator attachments.M ethods:Forty edentulous maxilla participants received implant-supported overdenture.They were allocated to two groups(n=20)differing in type of prosthetic attachment used to retain the maxillary prosthesis:either locator attachments or telescopic crowns was applied.After three months,the satisfaction of the two groups of dentures were investigated.Two years later,the masticatory function,implant marginal bone absorption and plaque index around the implant were compared.The results were analyzed by SPSS21.0 software.Results:Three months after restoration,the comfort of locator overdenture was better than that of telescopic overdenture,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The retention,stabilization and masticatory function of telescopic overdenture were better than that of locator overdenture(P<0.05),there was no statistical difference in the language function between the two groups.After two years of restoration,the bone absorption amount at the edge of the implant and the plaque index around the implant were both higher than that of the locator overdenture,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in chewing efficiency between the two groups.Conclusion:Based on the prosthodontic design and results in this study,it is considered that the long-term clinical effect of the locator implant overdenture is better than that of the telescopic overdenture in the restoration of the edentulous maxilla.With the update of the manufacturing process and design concept of the telescopic overdenture,the clinical effect of the two implant overdentures needs further study and comparison.