老牛坡遗址商代建筑试析

Preliminary Analysis of the Shang-period Architectures at the Laoniupo Site

老牛坡遗址的商代建筑与中原地区的商代建筑,在堂室的整体形态、墙体的砌筑、础的铺设、门道的设置、廊的使用等方面,都存在很大区别,呈现出两种风格。这种差异可能是因地域不同而受不同的环境影响所致,也可能二者各有不同的建筑传统。老牛坡建筑所表现的异于中原地区的诸多特点,与西周时期陕西地区的许多建筑相似。可能在建筑方面,老牛坡遗址就近吸取了周文化因素,即老牛坡建筑所反映的这种风格特征,为陕西地区的传统。等于说商与周的建筑风格分属两大系统,即西土集团与东土集团,二者一度同时平行发展。

The Shang-period building at the Laoniupo site demonstrated characteristics distinctive from the tradition of other contemporaneous buildings in the Central Plains in terms of the layout of the hall,the construction method of the walls,the foundation of postholes,the using of doorways,and hallways.In general,the Laoniupo style and Central Plains style should present two different architectural styles.The author suggests that the variation between the two styles represented by archaeological cases would be attributable to both the different environment settings where they were situated and the architectural traditions to which they belonged respectively.In addition,characteristics represented by the Laoniupo architectures might have occurred under the influence of the Zhou culture,and thus would be viewed as a representative case of the contemporary architectural style in the Shaanxi region.In a broader context,this case study suggests that the architectures in the Shang and Zhou periods represent two different traditions,i.e.,the xitu group and dongtu group,and that they developed parallel to each other.