早期中国农政研究探析——以陈翰笙为中心

A Research on Early China’s Agrarian Studies:Centered on Chen Hansheng

本文认为,20世纪早期陈翰笙农村研究的核心问题是中国的农政问题,其研究理应被纳入马克思主义农政研究这一学术脉络。在传承和对话经典农政理论的基础上,陈翰笙发现,尽管当时中国农村土地高度集中,农业资本主义有所发展,但占主导地位的仍是小农经营,其主要原因是外国殖民资本和本土封建势力的联合支配阻碍了中国的农政变迁,并最终导致中国农村陷入总体性危机。基于此,他提出应该在土地改革和生产合作的基础上,探索一条适合中国国情的农政变迁道路。陈翰笙对中国农政问题的思考和将马克思主义农政思想“中国化”的努力,值得当代中国农政研究者挖掘和借鉴。

This paper argues that the coreissue of Chen Hansheng’s ruralresearch in the early 20th century is all about China’s agrarian question,and his research should be included in the academic context of Marxist agrarian studies.While inheriting the classic agrarian theory,Chen found that,although China’s rural land washighly concentrated at that time and agrarian capitalism had developed,small household farming still dominated.This is mainly because the joint domination offoreign colonial capital and local feudal forces hindered China’s agrarian change,and eventually led to a general crisis in China’s rural area.Based on this,Chen proposed that we should explore a path of agrarian change that suits China’s national conditions on the basis of land reform and production cooperation.Chen Hansheng’s thinking on China’sagrarian question and his efforts to“Sinicize”Marxist agrarian thoughts are worthy ofdigging deep into by contemporary Chinese agrarian researchers.