农业保险风险减量服务机制研究

Study on the Mechanism of Risk Reduction Services in Agricultural Insurance

农业保险作为分散农业生产经营风险的重要手段,是稳定和保障农业生产、支持农业经济的重要工具。农业保险风险减量服务是保险业培育自身新质生产力的体现,对提高全社会抗风险能力、降低农业产业的风险成本具有积极作用。目前传统农业保险经营中普遍存在重承保理赔,轻防灾防损的现象,风险减量服务处在自发性、碎片化的探索阶段。本文通过探讨市场主体风险减量的内在驱动机制、实现条件和模型推演,提出基于多元空间数据风险减量服务高效决策数理模型架构,通过风险等量与风险减量管理模型分析、被保险人和保险公司的效用分析、实现条件分析,研究了农业保险风险减量的实施路径,总结了防救结合的风险减量服务体系。最后,本文提出进一步加强风险减量机制的顶层设计和政策引导、融入国家农业灾害防范救助体系、推动农业风险管理数据共建共享、完善风险减量投入财务机制、制定风险减量服务行业标准、优化农业保险遴选评价标准等建议。

Agricultural insurance,as an important means of diversifying the risks associated with agricultural production and management,is a vital tool for stabilizing and safeguarding agricultural production and supporting the agricultural economy.The risk reduction services in agricultural insurance reflect the insurance industry’s cultivation of its own new productive forces and play a positive role in enhancing society’s overall risk resistance and reducing the risk costs of the agricultural industry.In traditional agricultural insurance operations,there is a common phenomenon of focusing on underwriting and claims settlement while neglecting disaster prevention and loss prevention,with risk reduction services still in a spontaneous and fragmented exploratory stage.This paper discusses the intrinsic driving mechanisms of market entities for risk reduction,the conditions for realization,and the utility model deduction.It proposes a mathematical model architecture for efficient decision-making in risk reduction services based on multidimensional spatial data.Through the analysis of risk equivalence and risk reduction management models,as well as the utility analysis of the insured and insurance companies,it explores the implementation path of agricultural insurance risk reduction and summarizes a risk reduction service system that combines prevention and rescue.Finally,it suggests strengthening the top-level design and policy guidance of the risk reduction mechanism,integrating into the national agricultural disaster prevention and relief system,promoting the joint construction and sharing of agricultural risk management data,innovating the financial mechanism for risk reduction input,formulating industry standards for risk reduction services,and optimizing the selection and evaluation criteria for agricultural insurance.