国家科技创新基地与重大科技基础设施融资模式研究

Research on Financing Model of National Innovation Base and Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure

国家科技创新基地和重大科技基础设施是我国科技创新体系的重要组成部分,是开展基础研究、共性关键技术研发、科技成果转化及产业化的重要载体。本文从管理体制、经费来源、运行现状等方面,对现有国家科技创新基地及重大科技基础设施进行分析。本文指出科技创新领域存在外部性强的内在属性,存在投资回报周期长,自身现金流平衡压力大的问题,亟待构建产业链反哺创新链、区域发展反哺科技创新的融资模式。最后,本文结合二者的现金流特征和融资需求,建议以产业外部性内部化、区域发展外部性内部化、构建强有力的信用主体为总体思路,围绕科技创新从基础设施建设到科技研发活动的五个环节,提出相应融资模式建议。

National Innovation Base and Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure are important constituents of national innovation system.They are the very carrier to conduct fundamental research,key and common technology research,commercialization of scientific achievements.This article analyzes current National Innovation Base and Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure in terms of regime,financing,and operations.Also this article discusses the externality as embedded attribute of innovation;points out the problem of long payback period of investment with difficulty of cash flow self-sufficiency,and points out the urgency of construct nurturing mechanism from industrialization and urbanization.Finally,this article suggests nurturing mechanism and selection of credible entity as the founding principle,and proposes proper financing model fit in the cash flow characteristic and financing difficulties accordingly for the critical five processes of innovation.