气候变化金融风险的国际应对经验及启示

International Experience and Insights on Responding to the Financial Risks of Climate Change

气候变化带来的金融风险已成为系统性金融风险的重要来源之一,给各国央行履行金融稳定职能带来严重挑战。本文在对气候变化金融风险类型、主要应对障碍进行详细分析的基础上,系统梳理了以美国为主的主要经济体、国际组织应对气候变化金融风险采取的政策措施,结合我国实际提出应对气候变化金融风险相关政策建议,包括健全气候变化相关金融风险应对的顶层设计和管理机制建设,提升监管效能和合力;推进风险评估及相关信息披露,建立统一、可比较、对决策有用的信息评估披露机制;加强风险评估和应对的国际交流与合作,协调推动全球相关风险的缓释。

The issue of climate change financial risk is one of the major sources of systemic financial risks.It poses a serious challenge to central banks in maintaining financial stability.On the basis of a detailed analysis,including the types of climate change financial risks and the main obstacles to addressing them,this paper systematically reviews the measures taken by major economies and international organizations,mainly the United States,to address climate change financial risks.And it puts forward policy recommendations related to addressing climate change financial risks in China,including improving the top-level design and construction of management mechanisms for climate change-related financial risk disposal,enhancing regulatory effectiveness and synergy;promoting risk assessment and related information disclosure,establishing a uniform,comparable and decision-useful information assessment and disclosure mechanism;strengthening international exchanges and cooperation on risk assessment and disposal,and coordinating and promoting the mitigation of global related risks.