构建生态保护补偿机制关键要素探讨——以赤水河流域为例

Discussions on the Key Elements to Payments for Environmental Services Approach—A Case Study of Chishuihe Basin

生态保护补偿机制是近年来解决生态保护外部性机制的统称。在实践中,受多方面条件限制,构建生态保护补偿机制面临许多挑战。本文试图回答以下问题:构建生态保护补偿机制需要满足哪些实施条件?生态保护补偿机制的关键要素是什么?本文介绍了目前学界关于生态补偿机制的定义与实施条件,提出生态补偿机制关键要素分析框架,分析具体应用于赤水河流域的生态保护案例,最后提出生态保护项目中运用生态补偿机制构建融资方案的相关建议。

Payments for Environmental Services(PES)is the general term for solutions coping with the externality of ecological protection.In practice,it is not a panacea for all situations.This article tries to answer the following questions:What are the preconditions for PES to take place?What are the key elements to PES?This article introduces the definitions and preconditions of PES suggested by the academia.The article then proposes a framework for analyzing whether PES is an appropriate policy approach for certain scenarios.Lastly,preliminary suggestions are proposed for financing ecological protection projects by using PES approach.