盘式诱捕器与飞行阻隔器捕获传粉昆虫群落的比较

Comparison of the effectiveness of pan traps and window traps for investigating the insect-pollinator community in oilseed rape fields

【目的】分析飞行阻隔器和盘式诱捕器对传粉昆虫群落调查的诱捕效果,为农田生态系统传粉昆虫的科学监测、保护和利用提供科学依据。【方法】2021年2月至4月(油菜花期),在江西农业大学科技生态园的30个油菜小区分别评估比较了盘式诱捕器和飞行阻隔器对传粉昆虫不同类群及整体的诱捕效果。【结果】在整个油菜花期,平均每个飞行阻隔器捕获传粉昆虫数量(297.43±20.06头)(n=30)显著高于盘式诱捕器(85.63±5.15头)(n=30)。飞行阻隔器共捕获的传粉昆虫种类(87种)高于盘式诱捕器(82种)。在群落结构上,飞行阻隔器和盘式诱捕器捕获的优势物种具有相似性;对于整体物种而言,飞行阻隔器捕获的传粉昆虫相比于盘式诱捕器表现出较高的相似性和均一性。进一步分析优势传粉昆虫,飞行阻隔器捕获鳞翅目、膜翅目、双翅目的种类数和丰富度均显著高于盘式诱捕器。【结论】飞行阻隔器整体捕获传粉昆虫的多样性和丰富度显著优于盘式诱捕器,建议用飞行阻隔器作为农田生态系统中传粉昆虫群落的监测方法。

[Objectives]To compare the effectiveness of pan traps and window traps for investigating the pollinator community of oil-seed rape farmland ecosystems,and thereby provide information to inform the monitoring,utilization,and protection,of insect-pollinators.[Methods]From February to April 2021(the rape flowering period),the relative effectiveness of pan and window traps with respect to characterizing the pollinator community was measured in 30 rape seed plots in the Science and Technology Ecological Park of Jiangxi Agricultural University.[Results]Significantly more insect-pollinators were captured by window traps(297.43±20.06)than by pan traps(85.63±5.15).The total number of species captured by window traps(87)was also higher than that caught by pan traps(82).With respect to community structure,the dominant species captured by window traps and pan traps were similar,however,the insects caught in window traps had higher species similarity and homogeneity than those caught in pan traps.With respect to the dominant insect-pollinators,a significantly higher number and richness of the Lepidoptera,Hymenoptera and Diptera were caught in window traps than in pan traps.[Conclusion]Window traps are significantly better than pan traps for revealing the diversity and richness of insect-pollinators in oil-seed rape fields and should therefore replace pan traps in agricultural ecosystems.