世变与史学:台湾学界抗战史研究的兴起与发展

Changes of Time and Historiography:The Rise and Development of the Studies on the History of China’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in Taiwan

1973年以来的台湾抗战史研究,深受世变的影响,概略可区分为四个阶段。第一阶段"政策推动,研究起步",自1973年起,由于官方开始提倡中国近现代史研究,抗战史研究随之开展。第二阶段"政府开放,多元发展",1988年前后台湾解严、蒋经国去世,经20世纪90年代台湾民主化政治禁忌解除、档案开放及更多学人的投入,抗战史研究呈现多元化发展。第三阶段"官方领导,研究结集",2008年台湾再度政党轮替,一度沉寂的抗战史研究在官方提倡之下达到巅峰,"国史馆"集结台湾学者所论,出版《中国抗日战争史新编》是台湾抗战史研究的里程碑。第四阶段"主题计划,共同研究",自2016年迄今,官方提倡不再,民间维持着抗战史料的出版与学术活动,政治大学人文中心及"中研院近代史研究所"借主题计划与共同研究,继续推进抗战史研究。

Since 1973 the studies on the history of the War of Resistance in Taiwan have been deeply influenced by the changes of time and can be divided into four stages.In the first stage the studies started with the promotion of official policies.Since1973,because the Taiwan authorities called for researching the modern Chinese history,scholars began to explore the history of the War of Resistance.In the second stage the studies showed a trend of diversified development with the openness of the authorities.With the lift of the martial law by the authorities and the death of Jiang Jingguo before and after1988,and with the lift of political taboo of Taiwan’s democratization,the openness of archives and entering of more scholars in the field in the 1990 s,the studies developed pluralistically.In the third stage the studies gained important achievements under the leadership of authorities.In 2008,Taiwan experienced transition of political parties again,and the once-silent studies of the history of the War of Resistance reached its peak under the official advocacy.Academia Historica collected articles of Taiwan scholars and published New History of China’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.It is a milestone.In the fourth stage Taiwan scholars carried out joint studies according to thematic plans.Since 2016,the official encouragement has stopped,and the society maintains publication of the historical materials of the War of Resistance and related academic activities.The Humanities Research Center of Chengchi University and"the Institute of Modern History of Academia Sinica"continue to promote the studies of the history of the War of Resistance through thematic plans and joint researches.