中医禁忌学对中药安全性评价的启示

Study of contraindications in traditional Chinese medicine:pearls for safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicinals

为提高疗效、减少医疗实践中诊疗风险和差错是中医禁忌学的主要宗旨。因此,中医禁忌学是中医诊疗实践中不可分割的重要部分。了解中医禁忌可以有效规避和拦截临床实践中各种已知和未知的风险,可以促进合理用药,可以规范临床医生行为,提高医疗水平,减少不良事件或不良反应的发生。本文由《中医禁忌学》一书引发,结合当前中药安全性评价相关内容进行阐述。旨在提出中医禁忌学贯穿中医临床诊疗实践过程,"理法方药"皆有禁忌章法可循,守正创新之际,勿忘传承。而基于中医药学禁忌理论,完善现有中成药的说明书、构建医院处方点评系统中中药用药禁忌数据库是当下亟需解决的两个现实且紧迫的问题。

The study of contraindications in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)aims to improve the efficacy and reduce risks in the diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.Therefore,contraindication is the essential part to study in traditional Chinese medicine.A firm grasp of contraindications in TCM can help prevent known and unknown risks in clinical practice.TCM practitioners should learn about contraindications,which can promote rational use of Chinese medicines,regulate the behavior of clinicians,improve the effects of medical treatment,and reduce adverse events or adverse reactions.The idea of this paper comes from the book Contraindications in Traditional Chinese medicinals,from which commentary is made to summarize pearls for the safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicinals.The purpose of this paper is to put forward the notion that TCM contraindications should be taken into consideration throughout the clinical practice of TCM.There are contraindication rules and regulations to follow in the general principle of diagnosis and treatment.We should not ignore them when we are engaged in clinical practice and scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine.Based on the contraindication theory of TCM,two practical and urgent problems need to be solved at present,which are to improve the existing leaflets of traditional Chinese patent medicine and to establish the contraindication database of traditional chinese medicinals in the hospital prescription information system.