北宋洛阳士人园林景观中野趣的经营

The Idea and Realization of Wild Nature Gusto in the Luoyang City’s Scholar Gardens in Northern Song Dynasty

“野趣”是宋代士人园林景观经营时主要追求的情趣之一,生发机制可以理解为景观环境与内心情志在“野”这一点上具有异质同构的相似性,而其内涵受到中国古典文艺美学范畴“野”的影响。北宋洛阳的政治生态和自然环境是士人园林“野趣”融铸的重要背景。通过对司马光、王安之、文彦博、李清臣等士大夫家园的景观面貌、园居生活等方面进行较为深入的考评,辨析各园不同的“野趣”意匠内涵,分析景观环境塑造的手法及畅达内心情志的行为方式,并总结了其中的共性与个性。

“Wild Nature Gusto”was one of the main tastes pursued by scholars in the Song Dynasty when they designed their gardens.Its germinative mechanism can be understood as the similarity between landscape environment and inner emotions in terms of“Wild Nature”.Its connotation was influenced by the Wild category of Chinese classical literature and aesthetics.The political ecology and natural environment of Luoyang City in Northern Song Dynasty formed an important background for the conception and realization of“Wild Nature Gusto”in scholar gardens.Through an in-depth investigation of the landscape details in the gardens and lifestyle of the scholars such as Sima Guang,Wang Anzhi,Wen Yanbo,and Li Qingchen,this paper distinguishes the different connotations of“Wild Nature Gusto”in each garden,analyzes the main methods of shaping the landscape environment and the behaviors to express the inner emotion,and summarizes the commonalities and individualities among them.