建筑自适应表皮概念解析与研究进展

Concept Analysis and Research Progress of Building Adaptive Facade

作为一种应对多变环境与资源短缺问题的解决办法,自适应表皮为城市与建筑可持续性提供了新的机会。在城市更新与“双碳”背景下,通过对自适应表皮概念演变的梳理,明确了其概念内涵;基于增量思维视角,总结了自适应表皮的3种总体特性;结合不同维度,阐释了3种不同划分类型;从4个方面归纳了当代自适应表皮设计的发展脉络,指出整合动态遮阳、光伏集成与农业集成等构成要素的自适应表皮是兼具环境需求与成本控制的有效设计途径之一;最后结合不同地域气候与建筑类型的应用适宜性,给出了不同地区代表性城市的自适应表皮构成要素的建议。

In recent years,the issue of sustainable development has promoted the research on the environmental adaptability of the building facade.As a solution to environmental change and energy shortages,adaptive façades offer new opportunities for urban and building sustainability.Under the background of urban renewal and"carbon neutrality and emission peaking"-the conceptual connotation of adaptive façade is clarified by sorting out the conceptual evolution of building adaptive façade;three general characteristics of adaptive façade summarized based on the perspective of incremental thinking,the types of adaptive façade explained from three dimensions;the development of contemporary adaptive façade design summarized from four aspects,and pointed out that the adaptive façade integrating dynamic shading,BIPV and building integrated agriculture is one of the effective design approaches that combines environmental requirements and cost control.Combined with the application suitability analysis of different regional climates and building types,this paper gives suggestions on the elements of the adaptive façade for representative cities in different regions.