“砖构木相”——宋金时期中原仿木构砖室墓斗栱模数设计刍议

“Imitating Wooden Structure by Bricks” Research on the Modular Design Methods of Bracket Sets in the Song and Jin Dynasties Brick Tombs of Northern China

利用已公开发布的墓葬测绘数据,从木作模数系统与砖作模数系统的互动关系角度入手分析宋金时期中原仿木构砖室墓内斗栱的模数设计手法,分别对以条砖为主、部分模件化、高度模件化3类营建模式下的实例展开分析,揭示了"砖构木相"的技术动因。认为随着砖室墓模件化程度的提高,斗栱取值受条砖的尺寸限制减小,而更向木构尺度靠拢。

This paper uses surveying and mapping data of Song and Jin dynasties brick tombs,discusses the modular design methods of the wood-mimicry bracket sets in tombs from the perspective of the interactive relationship between the woodwork and the brickwork module systems,which reveals the technical motivation to the phenomenon of the“Imitating Wooden Structure by Bricks”.The examples of the three types of construction modes are analyzed,which are normal bricks,partially modularized,and highly modularized.With the improvement of the modularization of the brick tombs,the dimensions of the bracket sets become less controlled by the bricks’sizes.On the other hand,the bracket sets in tombs imitate more realistically the wooden bracket sets in dimension.