《考工记》“夏后氏世室”中“堂”字释疑——兼论夏商周“堂”字释义

Clarification on the“Tang”in“Xiahoushi shishi”from Kaogongji and Definition of“Tang”in Xia Shang and Zhou Dynasties

对《考工记》所载"夏后氏世室"这段文字,学术界尚未有令人信服的观点,分歧的关键在于"堂修二七,广四修一"中"堂"字的理解上。有关此"堂",从古至今亦有许多不同的解释。本文依据历史文献与考古资料对"堂"字再作辨析,认为"堂"在此记文中应理解为世室的建筑台基,并在此基础上进一步分析提出了"堂"在夏商周时期的不同释义与基本的平面形制。

There is no convincing opinion regarding the text"Xiahoushi shishi"in Kaogongji.The key to the divergence lies in the meaning of the word"Tang"in"Tang xiu er qi,guang si xiu yi",since"Tang"has many different definitions from ancient times.Based on relevant historical documents and archaeological materials,this paper examines the meaning of"Tang"again,proposes that"Tang"should be understood as the building base called"shishi"in this text,and further analyzes different definitions of and basic plane structure of"Tang"in Xia Shang and Zhou dynasties.