也谈汉语中的动结式

On Resultative Construction in Chinese

从历时角度来看,动结式是由句法演变而成的复合词,其最主要的特征是“致使”,最基本的特征是“达成”,可选择的特征是“实施”。在生成语法的理论框架下,以上三个特征分别由Caus、Bec、Do三个功能范畴来实现,且这三个功能范畴之间存在着层级关系。不同的功能范畴选择的论元不同,不同的论元在动结式中的地位也不相同。

From a diachronic perspective,Chinese verb-resultative construction is a compound word evolved from syntax.Its main feature is“causative”,the most basic feature is“become”,and the optional feature is“do”.Under the theoretical framework of generative grammar,the above three features are respectively realized by three functional categories:Caus,Bec,Do,and there is a hierarchical relationship between these three functional categories.Different categories choose different arguments,and different arguments have different positions in Chinese verb-resultative constructions.