重庆奉节白帝庙历史沿革与建筑特征分析

Construction History and Architectural Features of Baidi Temple in Fengjie,Chongqing

白帝庙是三峡地区典型的清代古建筑群,始建年代无考,现存建筑自清康熙年间陆续修建。本文以光绪十七年(1891年)《夔州府志》和光绪十九年(1893年)《奉节县志》及庙存碑刻等文献史料为依据,厘清了白帝庙建筑沿革。以现场测绘图为基础,全面分析了白帝庙建筑布置、建筑形态、建筑结构等特征。白帝庙建筑既具有中国古建筑的普遍特征,又具有鲜明的川东峡江地区地方建筑特色。其不仅仅是一座建筑,更是研究"川东峡江建筑"的标本,价值远远超出了建筑本身的含义。

Baidimiao or White Emperor Temple is a typical Qing-dynasty complex in the Three Gorges area along the middle and upper stream of the Yangtze River.The date of construction is unknown.The existing buildings were rebuilt successively during the Kangxi reign period.Through analysis of historical data recorded in local(Fengjie county)gazetteers(one of them from the seventeenth year of emperor Guangxu)and on temple steles,this paper clarifies the construction history of Baidi Temple.Based on site surveying and mapping,the authors then analyze the characteristics of architectural layout,form,and structure,and demonstrate the close connection of Baidi Temple with traditional(Han-)Chinese architecture as well as with the local traditions prevailing in eastern Sichuan Xia River area.The buildings at Baidi Temple are not just important artifacts;they are also cultural manifestations that allow a better understanding of eastern Sichuan Xia River architecture.