中国南传上座部佛教建筑的研究现状与展望

Current State and Perspective of Theravada Buddhist Architecture Reserach

发端于20世纪30年代的中国南传上座部佛教建筑研究,发展至今大致经历了发端时期、泛化研究时期和专业研究时期。相对于汉传佛教建筑研究与藏传佛教建筑研究,存在研究成果较少、专业化研究不足的问题。本文对南传佛教建筑的分类、平面布局、造型艺术、建造技艺、装饰、园林景观、佛塔7个方面的现有研究成果进行系统梳理,从深度、广度、方法论层面上分析现有研究的不足,在多学科交叉、多维度建筑史构建、多领域合作的角度上对未来的研究作出展望。

The study of Theravada Buddhist architecture began in the 1930 s and since then it has experienced three stages:the initial stage the extensive stage,and the specialized stage.Research has produced fewer and less quality results compared with the research of Han Buddhist architecture and Tibetan Buddhist architecture.This paper systematically analyzes existing examples of southern Buddhist architecture,focusing on the following seven aspects of classification,layout,sculptural art,construction skills,decoration,landscape gardening,and Buddhist pagoda design.Highlighting deficiencies in past research methodology,the paper identifies main challenges for future research from the trans-and interdisciplinary perspectives with the aim to create a multi-dimensional explanatory model of architectural history.