北京地区冬季高校宿舍空气微生物浓度和粒径分布特征

Characteristics of Air Microbial Concentration and Particle Size Distribution in College Dormitories in Beijing in Winter

微生物气溶胶对人体健康的危害与其种类、浓度和粒径大小有关。为了研究北京地区冬季高校宿舍空气微生物污染情况以及粒径分布特征,本文采用撞击法对北京某高校学生宿舍空气中的微生物浓度进行测试,并测试室外空气中的微生物浓度作为对照。结果表明,宿舍空气中细菌气溶胶浓度处于清洁状态,有9.5%的真菌浓度样本超过清洁限值;不同时态的微生物浓度不同,12:00浓度最低,9:00空气中的细菌的含量明显高于18:00;微生物气溶胶集中出现在Ⅳ、Ⅴ级(1.1~3.3μm),细菌峰值出现在Ⅴ级,真菌峰值出现在Ⅳ级,真菌可吸入部分所占百分比Rf明显大于细菌气溶胶可吸入部分所占百分比Rb。

The harm of microbial aerosol to human health is related to its type,concentration and particle size.In order to study the air microbial pollution and particle size distribution characteristics in university dormitories in Beijing in winter,this paper uses impact method to test the microbial concentration in the air of a student dormitory in a university in Beijing,with the microbial concentration of outdoor air as a control.The results show that the concentration of bacterial aerosol in the air of the dormitory is in a clean state,and 9.5%of the fungal concentration samples exceeded the cleaning limit.The concentration of microorganisms at different levels in one day is different.The lowest concentration can be found at noon,while the content of bacteria in the air at 9:00 a.m.is significantly higher than that at 18 o’clock.Microbial aerosols are concentrated inⅣandⅤlevels(from 1.1 to 3.3μm).The peak of bacteria occurs at theⅤlevel,whereas the peak of fungi occurs at theⅣlevel.The percentage of the inhalable portion of fungi Rfis significantly greater than that of bacteria Rb.