群体分类视角下地方高校戏曲通识教育的现实困境与策略选择

The Practical Predicament and Strategic Choice of Traditional Opera General Education in Local Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Group Classification

当前,地方高校戏曲通识教育的困境主要体现在两个方面:统一的戏曲通识教育不能满足不同群体的多样化需求;戏曲教育资源不足导致部分群体不能享有应得的教育权利。文章通过实地调研发现,大学生的戏曲认知结构存在协调、失调和不相关三种类型,且群体间存在明显的认知层次差异及群体内部情感与行为倾向的一致性。根据三类群体的认知水平和心理特点,分别采用提高、补偿和引导的教育策略,有助于解决地方高校戏曲通识教育面临的问题,实现戏曲接受差异群体内部的健康分化和良性流动,接近通识教育的帕累托最优目标。

At present,the dilemma of general education of drama in local colleges and universities is mainly reflected in two aspects:the unified general education of drama cannot meet the diversified needs of different groups;The lack of opera education resources leads to that some groups cannot enjoy their due educational rights.Through field research,the paper finds that there are three types of college students’cognitive structure of drama:coordination,imbalance and irrelevance,and there are obvious differences in cognitive levels between groups and the consistency of emotions and behavioral tendencies within groups.According to the cognitive level and psychological characteristics of the three groups,the education strategies of improvement,compensation and guidance are adopted respectively,which will help to solve the problems faced by the general education of drama in local colleges and universities,realize the healthy differentiation and benign flow within the groups that accept differences in drama,and approach the Pareto optimal goal of general education.