关于建筑结构抗火设计的分析

Analysis on the Fire Resistance Design of Building Structures

古往今来,火灾一直是建筑结构设计的一大挑战,与此同时人们的建筑结构抗火设计技术也越来越成熟。火灾会对人们的生命安全与国家财产造成极为严重潜在的次生威胁,合理良好的防火建筑结构和设计体系可以进一步改善整个建筑内部的耐火结构体系,提高耐火建筑结构系统的结构抗火击性能,使建筑内部的整体安全性能大大提高,从而切实有效保障周边人们自身的生命安全和社会财产安全。本文主要从以下几个方面对建筑结构设计防火进行分析:建筑防火和结构抗火;结构材料在高温下的力学性能、热工性能变化,以及提高混凝土抗火性能的措施;从构件、结构层次分析建筑结构抗火设计;分析空气和结构温度场;火灾后结构的损伤评估及修复后的再利用情况;建筑防火和结构抗火发展的新方向。

Since the ancient times,the fire has been a great challenge in the design of building structure.At the same time,people’s fire resistance design technology of building structures has become more and more mature.Fire will cause a very serious potential secondary threat to the life safety of people around and to the national property.A reasonable and good fire-resistant building structure and design system can further improve or enhance the fire-resistant structural system in the whole building,improve the structural fire resistance of the fire-resistant building structural system,and greatly improve the overall safety performance of the whole building,thus effectively guaranteeing the safety of the people’s lives and social properties around.This paper mainly analyzes the fire protection of building structure design from the following aspects:building fire protection and structural fire resistance;change of mechanical and thermal properties of structural materials under high temperature,and measures to improve fire resistance of concrete.The fire resistance design of building structure is analyzed from the component and structure levels.The temperature field of air and structure is analyzed.The damage assessment of structures after fire and reuse after repair is analyzed.The new development direction of building fire protection and structural fire resistance are analyzed.