多源流理论背景下我国“双减”政策生成机理分析

An Analysis of the Generation Mechanism of China’s “Double Reduction” Policy under the Background of the Multiple Streams Framework

减轻学生学习负担是我国基础教育改革的重中之重,是维护教育公平、促进教育生态良好发展的路径之一。借助多源流理论政策分析框架,从问题源流分析,资本的过度介入、学校的逐利行为、政府干预的低效性均不同程度地推动了政策的出台;从政策源流分析,各主体就减轻学生作业负担和校外培训负担的可行性达成了一致;从政治源流分析,“双减”政策的政治流由中国共产党办好人民满意教育、人口老龄化以及家庭教育焦虑构成。独立运行的三流通过交汇于“三孩政策”的时代主题,开启了“双减”政策之窗。这在实践层面则为更好地把握“双减”政策,推动政策配套措施的出台提供了依据。

Reducing the learning burden of students is the top priority of China’s basic education reform,and also one of the paths to maintain educational equity and promote the sound development of educational ecology.With the help of the multiple streams framework,in terms of the stream of problems,the excessive involvement of capital,the profit-seeking behavior of schools and the low efficiency of government’s intervention all have promoted the issue of policies in varying degrees;in terms of policies,it is found that all parties have reached a consensus on the feasibility of reducing students’homework burden and off-campus training burden;and in terms of the stream of politics,it is found that the politics stream of“double reduction”policy is formed by people satisfied education of the Communist Party of China,the aging of population and the families’educational anxiety.Through the convergence of the theme of the“three-child policy”,the independent operation of the three streams has opened the window of the“double reduction”policy.At the practical level,it provides a basis for better understanding of the“double reduction”policy and promoting the introduction of policy supporting measures.