国外学术出版机构开放科学实践对比分析及启示

Comparative analysis and insights from open science practices of overseas academic publishers

【目的】调查国外学术出版机构参与开放科学建设的具体实践,为我国学术出版开放科学建设提供借鉴。【方法】通过网络调研和文献梳理,对国外10家学术出版机构的出版实践进行分析,主要研究其在科技期刊、科学专著、科学数据、同行评议等方面的实践举措与开放模式。【结果】国外学术出版机构的出版模式以金色开放获取为主,但开放资源占比各有不同。开放出版资金运作以资源处理费为核心,同时出现集体支付、众筹等可持续开放出版实践。国外学术出版机构通过弹性开放政策逐步推进科研数据、同行评议报告等附属研究成果同步开放,丰富学术交流生态。利用资源平台集成多种类开放资源,方便用户访问和使用。【结论】我国学术出版机构应顺应开放科学发展态势,调整出版业务结构,推进期刊开放出版业务纵深发展,横向扩展不同资源载体的开放科研成果。关注以作者为中心的服务模式,满足作者的开放出版需求。构建跨部门的开放协作网络,集成内容、资金、出版服务与资源平台,提升开放出版的集体效能。

[Purposes]This study investigates the practices of open science engagement of overseas academic publishers,aiming to provide references for similar practices of academic publishers in China.[Methods]The online survey and literature review were employed to reveal the publishing practices of ten overseas academic publishers,with focuses on their practices and open access publishing modes regarding scientific journals,scholarly monographs,research data,and peer review.[Findings]These publishers mainly adopt gold open access,although the proportion of open resources varies.The financial operations for open access publishing revolve around resource processing charges,with innovative explorations in sustainable open access publishing practices such as collective payments and crowdfunding.Flexible open access policies have been implemented to synchronize the open access of ancillary research outcomes such as scientific data and peer review reports,thus enriching the academic exchange ecosystem.Furthermore,these publishers have leveraged resource platforms to integrate a variety of open resources,facilitating user access and utilization.[Conclusions]Chinese academic publishers should adapt to the trend of open science development by restructuring the publishing operations,deepening the open access publishing of journals,and adopting diverse forms of research outputs opening.Author-centered services should be promoted to meet the open access publishing demands of authors.The inter-departmental collaboration network that integrates content,funding,publishing services,and resource platforms should be built to enhance the collective efficiency of open access publishing.