我国基础教育课外补习研究:历程、困境与展望

The Research on Basic Education Extra-Curricular Tutoring in China:Course,Predicament and Prospect

我国基础教育课外补习研究的发展历程大致可以分为四个阶段:萌芽期(1979—2000年)、发展期(2001—2010年)、成熟期(2011—2020年)、深化期(2021年至今)。已有课外补习研究存在四个方面的深层困境:一是已有多数研究侧重课外补习需求方的视角,缺乏课外补习供给方视角;二是已有多数研究着重使用实证研究方法,缺少理论建构研究;三是已有多数研究滞后于政策出台和实践发展,研究的前瞻性不足;四是已有多数研究专注国内课外补习问题,鲜有课外补习问题的国际比较研究。未来应加强对课外补习供给方的研究,丰富课外补习研究视角;加强课外补习理论研究,构建课外补习研究理论框架;推动课外补习多学科交叉研究,拓展研究学科视野;加强课外补习调查研究,倡导混合方法研究;强化课外补习治理政策评估研究,为课外补习治理政策的制定和实施提供科学依据。

The development process of after-school tutoring research in basic education in China can be roughly divided into four stages:embryonic stage(1979—2000),development stage(2001—2010),mature stage(2011—2020),and deepening stage(2021—present).There are four deep dilemmas in the study of extracurricular tutoring.First,most studies focus on the perspective of the demand side of extracurricular tutoring,but lack the perspective of the supply side of extracurricular tutoring;Second,most of the existing studies focus on the use of empirical research methods,and lack of theoretical construction research;Third,most of the existing research lags behind the policy introduction and practical development,and the research is not forward-looking enough;Fourth,most of the studies have focused on the problem of afterschool tutoring in China,and few international comparative studies on after-school tutoring.In the future,we should strengthen the research on the supply side of after-school tutoring and enrich the perspective of after-school tutoring research;strengthen the theoretical research of extracurricular tutoring,and construct the theoretical framework of extracurricular tutoring research;promote interdisciplinary research on after-school tutoring,and expand the perspective of research disciplines;strengthen the investigation and research of after-school tutoring,and advocate the research of mixed methods;strengthen the evaluation research of extracurricular tutoring governance policy,and provide a scientific basis for the formulation and implementation of extracurricular tutoring governance policy.