探讨军事飞行员动态视敏度和凝视稳定性的检测方法及正常参考值

Results of dynamic visual acuity and gaze stability test in military pilots and their reference value determination

目的探讨军事飞行员动态视敏度(dynamic visual acuity,DVA)和凝视稳定性的检测方法及参考常值,为飞行学员医学选拔和飞行人员医学鉴定中前庭眼反射功能评价提供参考。方法选取2019年1-8月来我中心改装体检的45名男性现役健康歼击机飞行员作为受试者,年龄23 ~ 39(26.4±3.4)岁,分别测试其静态视敏度(static visual acuity,SVA)、最小感知时间(minimum perception time,MPT)以及沿Yaw轴、Pitch轴和Roll轴摇头时的动态视敏度和凝视稳定性,DVA与SVA的差值作为DVA Loss,并计算各参数的平均值和参考范围。结果 45名健康飞行员的SVA平均值为(-0.28±0.03) LogMar,参考范围是≤-0.23 LogMar;MPT平均值为(20.44±2.08) ms,参考值范围是≤23.85 ms。飞行员沿Yaw轴、Pitch轴和Roll轴摇头时,DVA Loss平均值均小于0.1 LogMar,参考值范围均不高于0.2 LogMar,即在Snellen视力表中视力下降不超过2行,凝视稳定性平均值均大于100°/s,参考值均高于DVA测试设置的最低摇头速度。结论本研究建立的军事飞行员DVA和凝视稳定性的检测方法及参考常值,为飞行学员医学选拔和飞行人员医学鉴定中前庭眼反射功能的评价提供了客观参考依据。

Objective To establish the detection method and reference values of dynamic visual acuity (DVA) and gaze stability test (GST) in military pilots.Methods From January to August in 2019,45 healthy male fighter pilots in active duty were selected as study subjects,with the age ranging from 23 to 39 years old (average age of 26.4±3.4 years).Their SVA,MPT,DVA and GST when shaking head in the axis of yaw,pitch or roll were recorded unilaterally.The difference between SVA and DVA was calculated and named as DVA Loss,and the mean values and reference ranges of SVA,MPT,DVA Loss and GST were calculated.Results The mean value of SVA in 45 healthy pilots was-0.28±0.03 LogMar,and its reference range was ≤-0.23 LogMar;the mean value of MPT was 20.44±2.08 ms with its reference range of ≤23.85 ms.When shaking head in the axis of yaw,pitch or roll,the mean value of DVA Loss was all less than 0.1 LogMar,and their reference ranges were all less than 0.2 LogMar.The means of GST were all higher than 100°/s,and their reference values were all higher than the lowest velocity of DVA.Conclusion This study has established the detection method and normal ranges of DVA and GST for military pilots,which provide reference for recruitment of student pilot and evaluation of vestibulo-ocular reflex in aeromedical assessment.