内质网应激与相关呼吸系统疾病研究进展

Research advances in endoplasmic reticulum stress and related lung diseases

内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)是因氧化应激、缺氧、毒性物质等理化因素引起的内质网功能紊乱状态,表现为内质网腔内错误折叠或未折叠蛋白聚集和钙稳态的破坏。其既可以通过激活未折叠蛋白反应等适应性程序帮助应激细胞恢复自稳态,也可以诱导细胞凋亡。内质网应激既是细胞内正常生理过程,也作为重要病理生理机制参与多种疾病的发生发展。本文回顾了近年内关于内质网应激在相关呼吸系统疾病中作用机制的研究,旨在为相关疾病的临床治疗提供新思路、新方向。

Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)is identified as dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum that can be evoked by oxidative stress,hypoxia or toxic substances,and it presents as misfolding protein accumulation,unbalanced calcium homeostasis.Homeostatic activation of the ERS enforces adaptive programs,such as unfolded protein reaction,which can help restore cell homeostasis,whereas maladaptive ERS triggers apoptosis.ERS is a normal physiological process in cells,but also an important pathophysiological mechanism that participates in courses of many diseases.In this article,we review some timely and significant findings relating to the role of ERS in the pathophysiology of related lung diseases,which may be helpful to find new potential therapeutic strategies in clinical practice.