中国教育人力资本空间差异及驱动机制研究

Study on Spatial Differences and Driving Mechanism of Educational Human Capital in China

文章使用Dagum基尼系数及其分解考察中国教育人力资本空间差异结构,采用基于回归方程的Shapley值分解测度主要影响因素对中国教育人力资本省际差异的动态贡献率。研究发现,中国省域教育人力资本整体保持增长态势;省际差异具有升降交替特征,后期较前期下降明显;八大综合经济区分组下区域间差异是全域差异的主要来源;各区域内部差距具有异质特点。地区固有因素、创新能力、教育经费投入、城市化进程、基础设施和市场化程度对教育人力资本空间差异贡献率依次递减。有鉴于此,优化中国教育人力资本空间格局需要在夯实义务教育基础上积极推动后义务教育发展,统筹推进相对滞后地区教育供给和教育生态体系建设,强化领先区域的带动作用。

Using Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition to investigate the structure of China’s educational human capital spatial differences,and using Shapley value decomposition based on regression equation to measure the dynamic contribution rate of influencing factors to the provincial differences of China’s educational human capital.The paper shows that China’s provincial education human capital has maintained an overall growth,and the inter provincial differences have the characteristics of rising and falling alternately,and the later period is obviously lower than that in the earlier stage;the regional differences among the eight comprehensive economic groups are the main source of the regional differences;the intra regional differences are heterogeneous.The contribution rate of regional inherent factors,innovation ability,educational funds investment,urbanization process,infrastructure and marketization degree to the spatial difference of educational human capital decreases in turn.To optimize the spatial pattern of China’s educational human capital,we need to actively promote the development of post compulsory education on the basis of consolidating compulsory education,comprehensively promote the education supply and education ecosystem construction in relatively backward regions,and strengthen the role of leading regions.