在线教学的不同方式对教学效果和师生支持态度的影响——基于疫情突发期间高校问卷调查的实证分析

The Influences of Different Measures of Online Teaching on Teaching Effectiveness and Support Attitudes in Universities during the Epidemic Outbreak:An Empirical Analysis Based on a Questionnaire Survey

2020年初新冠肺炎疫情突发,各高校开展了大规模在线教学实践,教师和学生对于在线教学的方式、效果以及态度热议不断。考虑到不同于常规状态下精心规划设计的在线教学,本文对疫情突发期间的高校在线教学实践进行了研究,通过对316名教师和2896名学生的问卷调查,描述了教师和学生在线教与学的客观情况,探索了在线教学的不同方式对教学效果和师生支持态度的影响。研究发现:疫情突发期间,在线课堂的互动越多,教师对教学效果的评价越低,支持态度越差;而学生却对课堂质量和学习效果评价越高,越支持在线教学。教学技术上,采用录播和直播的授课方式相比于只推送教学资料,虽然具有技术难度也增加了教学负担,但更受教师的好评,也更受学生的欢迎。超过80%的学生主观上认为自主学习能力和自控力是影响在线学习效果的最重要因素,而且这些学生会更加支持在线教学。最后,本文从深化认知、基础资源、教学对策和态度导向等四方面为高校如何更好地开展在线教学提出了建议。

With the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic in early 2020,universities launched large-scale online teaching practices. Through a questionnaire survey of 316 teachers and 2896 students,we explore the influences of different measures of online teaching on teaching effectiveness and supportive attitudes. The study finds:1) During the epidemic outbreak,the more interactions in the online classroom,the lower the teachers’ evaluations of teaching effectiveness and the worse the supportive attitudes,while the higher the students’ evaluation of course quality,learning effect and supportive attitudes. In terms of teaching technology,the recording and live lectures are more popular among teachers and students than only pushing teaching materials,although they are technically difficult and increases the teaching burden. More than 80% of students consider self-directed learning and self-control as the most important factors affecting the effectiveness of online learning,and these students are more likely to support online learning. Finally this paper puts forward some suggestions for online teaching in emergent situations.