教育与农村居民相对贫困:收入视角的实证测度与微观证据

Education and Relative Poverty of Rural Residents:Empirical Measures and Microscopic Evidence from the Perspective of Income

基于2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS)数据,构建联立方程模型实证分析教育对农村居民相对贫困的影响作用。研究发现,相对贫困标准下我国农村地区贫困发生率依然较高,达到14.53%;受教育年限越低的农民群体,陷入相对贫困概率越大;教育对低收入群体边际效应明显大于高收入群体。基于收入决定方程Shapley值分解法测算显著变量对农村居民相对贫困的贡献率,结果表明:教育是影响农村居民相对贫困的最主要因素。因此,在解决农村居民"脱贫"的过程中,应持续重视教育对阻断农村居民贫困代际传递的作用。

Based on Chinese household tracking survey(CFPS)data in 2018,a simultaneous equation model was constructed to empirically analyze the impact of education on the relative poverty of rural residents.The study found that the incidence of poverty in rural areas is still high under the relative poverty standard,reaching 14.53%.The lower the number of years of education,the higher the probability of farmers falling into relative poverty.The marginal effect of education on low-income groups is significantly greater than that on high-income groups.Based on the Shapley value decomposition method of income determination equation,the contribution rate of significant variables to the relative poverty of rural residents was calculated.The results showed that education was the most important factor affecting the relative poverty of rural residents.Other variables,including gender,health level and eastern region,also had a certain influence on the relative poverty of rural residents.Therefore,in the process of solving the"poverty alleviation"of rural residents,we should continue to pay attention to the role of education in preventing the intergenerational poverty of rural residents.