基于主观生理评价的叉车驾驶舒适性研究

Study on comfort of forklift cab based on subjective physical evaluation

文中通过制订叉车驾驶员工作生理舒适情况调查问卷,对不同吨位叉车驾驶舒适性进行评估。结合工作肌肉骨骼疾患主观评价工具与驾驶室舒适性评价问题,采用滚雪球抽样法进行样本搜集,并运用交叉分析等方法探讨不同吨位叉车驾驶室舒适性影响因素。样本中2.0~3.8 t驾驶室舒适性相对其他吨位最佳,且随着吨位的增加高风险身体部位的患病风险也在增加,4.0~10.0 t座椅可调范围与操作杆的位置适配程度及2.0~3.8 t刹车踏板需要进行改进,1.0~1.8 t和2.0~3.8 t操作杆应选前置,右肩不适与操作杆改进设计相关。该研究为叉车制造商和设计师提供指导,为提高叉车在各行工作场所的安全性和工作质量提供了见解,对叉车人机优化具有一定的工程应用价值。

This paper evaluates the driving comfort of various tonnage forklifts through a questionnaire designed to assess the physiological comfort of forklift drivers.Combining the subjective evaluation tool for working skeleton disease with the assessment of cab comfort,the snowball sampling method was employed to gather samples.Cross-cutting was utilized to discuss the influencing factors of cab comfort in forklift trucks of different tonnage.The comfort level of the 2.0~3.8 t cab in the sample is relative to other tonnages.The risk of disease in high-risk body parts is also within the 4.0~10.0 t seat adjustable range.The position adaptation of the operating lever and the 2.0~3.8 t brake pedal need to be improved.It is recommended that the 1.0~1.8 t and 2.0~3.8 t operating levers be selected.The discomfort in the front right shoulder is related to the improved design of the operating lever.This research provides guidance for forklift manufacturers and designers,provides insights into improving the safety and work quality of forklifts in various workplaces,and has certain engineering application value for forklift human-machine optimization.