基于“工程经验”的创新设计思维培养与实践

Cultivation and practice of innovative design thinking based on “engineering experience”

基于高校不断完善新工科人才"创意、创新、创业"教育体系的内在需要、大学生创新思维培养发展现状及国际经验,文中以大学生参与企业实际工程项目设计,向行业资深专家取经学习的实践活动为切入点,首先研究"工程经验"在工程设计活动中作用与价值,通过分析经验知识管理(包括经验知识的创建与维护)、基于Wiki平台的经验知识积累、经验知识重用的方法和技术,进一步探明基于"工程经验"的大学生创新思维开发训练机制;基于有关向专家学习育人方法,探讨地方高校在工程教育中大学生创新思维训练实践;最后,提出符合新工科建设教育理念的复合型创新人才培养模式。

Based on the internal needs of universities to continuously improve the education system of"originality,innovation and entrepreneurship"for new engineering talents,the current situation and international experience of university students’innovative thinking cultivation and development,this paper takes the practical activities of university students’participation in enterprise practical engineering project design and learning from industry senior experts as the starting point.Firstly,the role and value of"engineering experience"in engineering design activities are studied.By analyzing the methods and technologies of experience knowledge management(including the creation and maintenance of experience knowledge),experience knowledge accumulation based on Wiki platform and experience knowledge reuse,the training mechanism of university students’innovative thinking development based on"engineering experience"is further explored;Then,based on the method of learning from experts,this paper discusses the practice of innovative thinking training in engineering education in local universities;Finally,the compound innovative talents cultivation mode which is in line with the educational concept of new engineering construction is proposed.