机械零件的寿命影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affecting the life of mechanical parts

机械零件加工为成品后,要求在一定的寿命下可靠、高效的工作。新零件在使用初期能够满足刚度、强度、可靠性、振动和寿命等准则,但新零件工作一定时间后,由于某些方面的综合影响致使零件失效,甚至导致机器无法运转。文中从零件设计、材料选择、加工工艺和使用维护等几方面分析影响零件寿命的具体因素,并提出一些改进零件寿命的措施,为机械零件制造企业和零件使用者提供一些有价值的参考。

After mechanical parts are processed into finished products,they are required to work reliably and efficiently in a certain life.The new parts can meet the criteria of stiffness,strength,reliability,vibration and life in the early stage of use,but after a certain period of time,the new parts will fail due to some comprehensive factors,and even lead to the failure of the machine.This paper analyzes the specific factors affecting the life of parts from the aspects of parts design,material selection,processing technology and use and maintenance,and puts forward some measures to improve the life of parts,so as to provide some valuable references for mechanical parts manufacturing enterprises and parts users.