参数驱动的新能源汽车吸能盒结构优化设计

Parameter-driven optimization design of crash box structure for new energy vehicles

对影响车辆低速碰撞性能的重要部件前防撞梁吸能盒进行参数化结构优化设计。根据车辆结构不同区域在碰撞过程中性能要求的不同,结合前防撞梁在低速碰撞过程中的变形和吸能特性,将防撞梁总成从整车低速碰工况下进行解耦简化,用于创建参数化优化模型。对吸能盒板件厚度、吸能诱导缺口位置进行参数化建模进而进行吸能盒结构优化设计。最终通过对比简化模型与整车碰撞模型的结果验证简化模型结果的可靠性。结果表明:通过对吸能盒进行参数化结构优化后,最大峰值碰撞力降低23.0%,SEA提升20.2%,轻量化效果达14.6%。该方法可以有效地指导吸能盒结构设计开发。

The parametric structural optimization design of the energy absorption box of the front bumper beam,which affects the performance of vehicle low speed crash,is carried out.According to the performance requirements of different areas of vehicle structure in the process of crash,combined with the deformation and energy absorption characteristics of the front bumper beam in the process of low-speed crash,the bumper beam assembly is decoupled and simplified from the low-speed crash of the whole vehicle to create a parametric optimization model.Parametric modeling was carried out for the thickness of the panel and the position of the inducible notch,and then the optimal design of the structure was carried out.Finally,the reliability of the simplified model is verified by comparing the results of the simplified model with those of the full vehicle crash model.The results showed that the maximum peak impact force was reduced by 23.0%,SEA was increased by 20.2%,and the lightweight effect was up to 14.6%.This method can be used to guide the design and development of energy absorption box structure.