基于侧面碰撞壁障的机械假人损伤分布研究

Study on injury distribution of the mechanical dummy based on side-collision

随着汽车工业的迅速发展,汽车碰撞安全问题也越来越受到人们重视。当发生交通事故侧碰撞时,被撞车内留给乘员生存空间较小,因此研究如何减少碰撞中人员受到的损伤成为侧面碰撞研究的核心之一。通过使用简化台车边界设置,模拟侧面碰撞载荷环境,利用机械假人进行侧面碰撞过程的乘员损伤分布分析,研究假人头部、脊柱、肋骨等部位的加速度及受力情况来量化分析被撞侧乘员在不同坐姿状态下头部及躯干的损伤分布特征及分布差异。研究结果表明,乘员向右侧旋转的坐姿状态下,头及躯干各部位的损伤输出结果较小,这些部位损伤相对其他坐姿较低,锁骨处在碰撞中损伤最大。研究结论为汽车侧碰撞安全中的乘员防护相关研究中乘员坐姿与损伤风险研究提供参考。

With the rapid development of the automobile industry,the problem of car collision is drawing more and more attention.When a side-collision accident occurs,it’s unlikely for the occupants in the car to survive.Therefore,how to alleviate the injury of occupants is one of the most important studies related to car collision.In this article,a simplified sled boundary platform is set up to simulate the side-collision loading environment,and an ES-Ⅱmechanical dummy is applied to identify the injury response in the loading process.Wherein,the acceleration and force distribution of the head,spine and ribs of the dummy are explored to quantify the injury distribution as well as the characteristics of injuries on the head and torso of the occupant with different sitting postures.The results indicate that the head and torso are less injured when the occupant is sitting on the right side;by contrast,the clavicle is the most injured.This provides reference for the study on occupant protection with respect to sitting posture and injury risk in the side-collision.