晚明白银货币化的制度变迁实现机制——基于交换媒介属性的思想史考察

Realization Mechanism for Silver Monetization and Institutional Changes in Late Ming Dynasty——Based on the Ideological Investigation of Exchange Medium Attributes

晚明白银货币化是中国古代货币史的重要议题,但是现有研究较少涉及货币思想层面的分析。提升交换效率是货币制度变迁的思想诉求,流通性与稳定性是货币思想的考量要点。晚明之前,铜钱与纸钞均无法同时满足流通性与稳定性的要求,流通货币形成了一个"循环困局"。外银内流的偶然事件突破白银流通性不足的瓶颈,催动了白银货币化的必然发生与"循环困局"的破解。白银货币化的制度变迁建立在一个互利互制的利益协调基础上,强化了社会成员选择白银作为主要流通货币的一致意愿。

Silver monetization in late Ming Dynasty is an important topic in the history of ancient Chinese currency, but the existing research rarely involves the analysis of monetary ideology. Promoting exchange efficiency is the ideological demand of the change of monetary system, liquidity and stability are the main considerations of monetary thought. Before the late Ming Dynasty, copper money and paper money could not meet the requirements of liquidity and stability at the same time, and the monetary system formed a "circulation dilemma". The accidental event of internal flow of foreign silver broke through the bottleneck of insufficient liquidity of silver, and prompted the inevitable occurrence of silver monetization and the solution of "circulation dilemma". The institutional change of silver monetization is based on the interest coordination of mutual benefit and interactive system,which strengthens the consensus of social members to choose silver as the main currency of circulation.