基于耐撞性拓扑优化的防撞垫吸能盒稳健性设计

ROBUST DESIGN OF CRASH CUSHION ENERGY-ABSORBING BOX BASED ON THE CRASHWORTHINESS TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION

为了提高防撞垫吸能盒的耐撞性,首先,依法规建立正碰,斜碰,偏碰和正侧碰四种工况的车辆-防撞垫有限元模型,运用元胞自动机的耐撞性拓扑优化方法,分别在横向和纵向拉伸约束下对吸能盒进行拓扑优化,优化结果表明:纵向拉伸约束下得到的梁式拓扑构型不同于横向拉伸约束得到的桶式拓扑构型,其中纵向拉伸约束下的梁式拓扑构型耐撞性更优;其次,考虑设计变量不确定因素对耐撞性目标响应的影响,结合田口方法和满意度函数对新型梁式吸能盒进行多目标稳健性优化设计。结果表明,优化后的吸能盒的加速度为106.6 m/s^2,小于200 m/s^2,安全性能良好;比吸能为2.54 kJ/kg,较优化前提高32.8%;总满意度提高30.4%,稳健性显著增强。

In order to improve the crashworthiness of the crash cushion energy-absorbing box,firstly,this paper established the"vehicle-crash cushion"FE models of frontal impact,offset impact,oblique impact and frontal side impact in accordance with the regulations,and then a crashworthiness topology optimization method of cellular automata was used for the energyabsorbing box topology optimization in the transverse and longitudinal extrusion constraint respectively,the optimized results show that the obtained beam configuration in the longitudinal extrusion constraint is different from the barrel configuration in the transverse extrusion constraint and it performs better in the crashworthiness.Secondly,taking into account the effects of the design variable uncertainties on the crashworthiness target responses,a multiobjective robust optimization combined with Taguchi method and satisfaction function was carried out for the optimization design of the new beam energy-absorbing box.The results show that the acceleration of the optimized energy-absorbing box is 106.6 m/s^2,less than 200 m/s^2,it is in good safety performance;SEA is 2.54 kJ/kg,it improves 32.8%than before optimization;the total satisfaction increases 30.4%,it greatly enhances the robustness of the energy-absorbing box.