过程视角创业能力识别及其作用机理——来自餐饮业的多案例分析

Entrepreneurial Ability Identification and Mechanism based on Process——A Multi-Case Analysis based on Catering Industry

创业活动已成为推动中国经济发展的重要动力之一,培养和提高创业能力是解决创业项目脆弱性的重要途径。文章通过对具有代表性的四例餐饮创业项目的案例分析,基于过程视角对创业能力的具体表现形式进行识别,并对其作用机理进行探索性分析。研究发现机会识别能力、资源整合能力和动态适应能力是驱动创业活动从项目创意走向正式企业的三种关键创业能力,它们相互联系、共同作用于创业过程中的创意期、创建期和成长期三个阶段,并通过动态演进不断推动创业行为的持续改善;同时还发现,创意期主要依靠机会识别能力推动,创建期以资源整合能力为主,而动态适应能力则在成长期至关重要。研究有助于进一步丰富创业理论,帮助创业者在不同阶段培育和掌握相应创业能力,促进创业项目顺利演变为可以持续性成长的创业企业。

Entrepreneurial activity has become one of the important driving forces for China’s economic development.It is an important way to solve the vulnerability of entrepreneurial projects to improve entrepreneurial ability.Through the analysis of four typical entrepreneurial projects of catering enterprises.The author identifies the specific forms of entrepreneurial capability and makes an exploratory analysis of its mechanism based on process perspective.Three entrepreneurial abilities drive entrepreneurial activities from creative to formal enterprises,including opportunity recognition ability,resource integration ability and dynamic adapt ability.They interact and work together in the creative,creation and operation phases of the entrepreneurial process.They continuously promote the continuous improvement of entrepreneurial behavior through dynamic evolution.At the same time,it is also found that entrepreneurial behavior mainly relies on the opportunity recognition ability in the creative period and the resource integration ability in the creation period,while the dynamic adaptation ability is crucial in the growth period.The research is helpful to enrich the theory of entrepreneurship,and help entrepreneurs to cultivate and master the entrepreneurial ability in different stages,and promote the evolution of the entrepreneurial project into a sustainable entrepreneurial enterprise.