产学知识转移的研究现状与未来展望

The Research Situation and Future Development of University-Industry Knowledge Transfer

文章归纳了产学知识转移的"过程""网络"以及"边界组织"三种研究视角,对每种视角下产学知识转移的主要观点、研究脉络和研究不足进行梳理。研究发现,对产学知识转移的研究逐渐从聚焦知识转移过程的微观分析,扩展到探究经济与社会对产学知识转移的交叉影响,将产学知识转移置于更大范围的经济与社会情境之中。"过程视角"还原了产学合作中显性知识与隐性知识持续转化的过程,强调知识模糊性、组织特征、转移渠道以及治理机制对产学知识转移效果的影响;"网络视角"突出强调关系网络形成的社会资本对跨组织知识转移的重要作用;"边界组织"视角更强调边界管理对稳定产学关系进而提升产学知识转移效果的重要作用。因此,将边界组织视为利益相关者形成的一类特殊网络,探究边界管理对知识转移网络和知识转移过程的影响,不仅有助于三种视角之间的交叉融合,也能进一步推进产学知识转移研究的进展。

The University-Industry Knowledge Transfer(UIKT)has important significance for enhancing the National Innovation Capability and maintaining global competitive advantage.The paper sums up three research perspectives of UIKT,which are process,network and boundary organization and concludes the main ideas,shortcomings of the research of UIKT in each perspective.The research shows that the process perspective describe the process of transformation of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge in University-Industry and emphasizes the influence of knowledge ambiguity,organizational characteristics,transfer channels and governance mechanisms on the effect of knowledge transfer in Industry-University.The network perspective highlights the important role of social capital formed by relationship network in knowledge transfer.The perspective of boundary organization highlights the role of boundary management in stabilizing the relationship of Industry-University.Put the boundary organization as a special network,explore the boundary management influence on knowledge transfer network and knowledge transfer process within the boundary organization,not only help the integration of three research perspectives,but also drive the progress of research in Industry-University.