潜艇环境对艇员作业能力影响调查分析

Influence of submarine environment on submariners′ operational performance

目的探究潜艇环境对艇员作业能力的影响特征。方法采用自制"潜艇艇员能力状况问卷",针对潜艇环境对艇员体力、脑力和心理等方面的影响、主要影响因素、多发病症等问题,对103名艇员[年龄(27.9±5.1)岁,军龄(7.4±5.0)年]进行问卷调查。结果艇员作业能力下降的选择率由大到小依次是睡眠能力、疲劳恢复能力、记忆力、反应能力、情绪等,主要影响因素的选择率由大到小依次是昼夜颠倒、空气质量、密闭空间、设备噪声、运动缺乏等,主要多发病症选择率由大到小依次是口腔溃疡和失眠。结论潜艇艇员作业能力下降突出表现为睡眠、疲劳和心理认知问题,主要归因于昼夜颠倒、环境影响、运动缺乏等潜艇环境特有的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the influence of the submarine environment on the crew′s operational performance.Methods A self-compiled"submariners′capacity status questionnaire"was distributed among 103 submariners,who were(27.9±5.1)years old and served in the army for(7.4±5.0)years.The impact of the submarine environment on the physical,mental and psychological health of submariners,the main influencing factors as well as multiple symptoms were analyzed.Results In terms of a decline in operational performance,sleep quality was chosen by the largest number of submariners surveyed,followed by fatigue,memory,reaction and mood.The dominating influencing factor was dayand-night reversal,followed by air quality,confined space,equipment noise and lack of exercise.The incidence was the highest with oral ulcer,follwed by insomnia.Conclusion Poor sleep,fatigue and cognitive problems are the main manifestation so fadeclineinsu bmariners′operational performance,which can be attributed to day-and-night reversal,environmental factors and inactivity.