虚拟现实技术在军事心理训练中的研究与展望

Application of virtual reality technology in military psychological training

心理训练是军事心理学研究的重要领域之一。虚拟现实(VR)技术为军事情境中高危、高成本、不可重复的心理训练提供了技术支持。本研究系统综述了外军基于VR心理训练研究的进展,主要集中在军事认知训练、应激接种/管理、心理弹性训练和创伤后成长训练四方面,同时对其认知和神经机制进行了深入探索。在此基础上提出了我军未来基于VR的心理训练研究应致力于:构建实战化的VR库和评估体系,建立VR军事训练示范平台并推广;基于VR神经调控促进脑功能重建提高军事认知保障;基于VR认知检测和认知维护能力精准选拔高对抗性军事任务官兵。

Psychological training is a main theme in military psychology.Virtual reality(VR)provides technical support for high-risk,high-cost,non-repeatable psychological training in military situations.This paper systematically reviews the progress in psychological training by foreign armies based on VR by focusing on military cognition training,stress vaccination/management,psychological resilience training and post-traumatic growth training.Meanwhile,its cognitive and neural mechanisms are explored.On this basis,it is proposed that military research in china on psychological training based on VR should be devoted to the establishment of a practical military VR database and evaluation system and a VR military training demonstration platform.Also,promoting brain function reconstruction based on VR neural regulation can improve military cognition.Finally,based on VR cognitive detection and cognitive maintenance ability,officers and soldiers on highly confrontational military missions should be accurately selected.