724例当代男性军人体质状况调研分析

Physical fitness of 724 contemporary male soldiers

目的了解当代男性军人体质状况,分析其体质状况变化特征,为科学、合理、针对性施训提供理论依据。方法依据国标、军标《部队健康综合评价GJB2125-94》《军事体育训练与考核大纲》及部队日常训练内容,对某部队724名男性军人体质进行了现场测量和评价。结果(1)当前军人身高、体质量、胸围分别为(172.64±5.73)cm、(67.20±7.87)kg、(91.78±11.24)cm,显著高于军标(P<0.001);BMI大幅增加,显著高于10年前调研结果;(2)军人100 m[(13.92±0.83)s]、3000 m[(12.80±0.98)min]、引体向上[(14.91±5.10)个]、立定跳远[(2.35±0.24)m]成绩较军标显著提高(P<0.001);5000 m、5000 m武装越野、俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、400 m障碍、30 m×2往返蛇形跑和5×10 m折返跑成绩优于10年前结果(P<0.001);(3)BMI和军龄影响3000 m、5000 m、5000 m武装越野、引体向上、俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、30 m×2往返蛇形跑和5×10 m折返跑成绩;随BMI增加、服役时间延长而降低。但100 m、立定跳远和400 m障碍则不受BMI等级及服役时长影响。结论当前军人的发育和营养状况明显好于以往,BMI大幅增长,整体呈现偏胖趋势;体质较以前明显提高,速度、力量优于以前,但有氧耐力需增强;肥胖及服役8年以上军人尤需针对性地加强耐力及力量训练;不同军龄组训练应有所侧重。

Objective To find out about the current levels of physical fitness of male soldiers and analyze the changes of their physical fitness so as to provide data for scientific,appropriate and targeted training.Methods According to"Army Health Comprehensive Evaluation GJB2125-94""Military Sports Training and Examination Outline"and the contents of daily training,on-the-spot measurement and evaluation were carried out on 724 male soldiers.Results(1)The height,body mass and chest circumference of soldiers were(172.64±5.73)cm,(67.20±7.87)kg,(91.78±11.24)cm,respectively,significantly higher than the military standard(P<0.001).BMI of soldiers was significantly higher than 10 years ago.(2)The scores of 100 m race[(13.92±0.83)s],3000 m race[(12.80±0.98)min],pull-ups(14.91±5.10)and standing long jump[(2.35±0.24)m]were significantly higher than those of the military standard(P<0.001).The results of5 km race,5 km armed cross-country race,push-ups,sit-ups,400 m obstacle,30 m×2 round trip serpentine run and 5×10 m turn-back run were better than 10 years ago(P<0.001).(3)BMI and length of service affected the results of 3 km,5 km,5 km armed cross-country,pull-ups,push-ups,sit-ups,30 m×2 round trip serpentine run and 5×10 m return run,which decreased with the increase in BMI and the extension of service time.The 100 m race,the standing long jump and the 400 m obstacle were not affected by the BMI grade and the length of service.Conclusion The development and nutritional status of contemporary soldiers are significantly better than before,BMI has increased significantly,and there is a trend towards obesity.On the other hand,physical fitness is significantly improved,speed and strength are better than before,but aerobic endurance needs to be enhanced.Obese soldiers and those who have served for more than 8 years should strengthen endurance and strength training.