起重机械轻量化主梁的疲劳特性研究

Research on fatigue characteristics of lightweight maing girder of hoisting machinery

轻量化起重机的主梁从结构型式、关键参数等方面突破传统设计。为研究新型轻量化主梁的疲劳失效特性、主梁裂纹扩展的途径、速率等,开展轻量化起重机QDL 5t-10.5m-A5主梁原型试件的疲劳试验,分析起重机轻量化主梁结构的安全性和工艺合理性。通过试验数据和结果分析,箱型梁主体具有较强的抗疲劳性,主梁焊接轨道的设计及工艺对主梁寿命有一定影响,同时分析桥式起重机裂纹扩展阶段的疲劳剩余寿命,基于试验分析提出优化建议。本文为起重机轻量化技术发展和推广应用提供试验论证。

The main girder of lightweight crane breaks through the traditional design from the aspects of structure form and key parameters. In order to study the fatigue characteristics of the new lightweight main girder, the path and rate of crack propagation of the main girder, fatigue tests were carried out. The lightweight crane QDL 5 t-10.5 m-A5 main girder prototype specimens were used in the test. The safety and technological rationality of crane lightweight main girder structure were analyzed through experiments. By analyzing the test data and test results, the main part of box girder has strong fatigue resistance. The design and the welding track of the main beam have some influence on the life of the main girder. Analyze the fatigue remaining life of the bridge crane during the crack propagation stage. Based on the test, some optimization suggestions are put forward. This paper provides experimental demonstration for the development and popularization of crane lightweight technology.