小型无人机在大面积1∶1000数字化航测中的应用

Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Large Area 1∶1 000 Digital Aerial Survey

无人机具有反应快速、机动灵活、经济高效等特点,在测绘领域得到了越来越广泛的应用,但是目前很少有小型无人机应用于大面积1∶1000航测任务中。以海安市1∶1000数字化航测项目为例,系统阐述了利用小型无人机进行大面积1∶1000航测、正射影像制作和地形图测绘的工作流程。结合测区地形地貌、气候、交通、无人机性能、像控点布设与量测的合理性、无人机起降场预设等因素,将测区划分为59个航摄规则矩形分区,并讨论了大面积区域中无人机航摄、像控点布设、空三加密、正射影像制作及立体测图的方法。通过评价空三和成图精度,评价了所运用方法的有效性,验证了小型无人机应用于大面积1∶1000数字化航测项目的可行性。

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)has the characteristics of fast response,flexible maneuverability,and cost-effectiveness.UAV has been increasingly used in the field of surveying and mapping,however,rarely used in large-scale 1∶1000 aerial survey missions.This paper takes the 1∶1000 digital aerial survey project in Hai’an as an example,and systematically illustrates the workflow of making orthophotos and topographic maps using small unmanned aerial vehicles.The study area is divided into 59 aerial photography regular rectangular partitions by combining many factors,such as,the topography of the survey area,climate,traffic,drone performance,rationality of image control point layout and measurement,and drone landing field preset.This paper discussed the method of aerial photography,image control point deployment,aerial three encryption,orthophoto production and stereo mapping in a large area.The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by evaluating the accuracy of the airborne three and the mapping.The results show the feasibility of applying the small UAV to a large 1∶1000 digital aerial survey project.