敌后战场的医疗保障:华北根据地的药材工作

Medical Security of Battlefield behind Enemy Lines:Work on Medicinal Materials of the Base Areas in North China

全面抗战时期,由于时常遭受日军的“扫荡”,华北根据地军民战死战伤无数,疫病流行,药材极度匮乏。为解决根据地药材匮乏难题,当地卫生部门在党的领导下积极开展药材工作。在药材供给方面,除通过采购、在战场中缴获敌人药材以及就地取材自制代用品等渠道筹集外,还坚持“自力更生”的方针,努力创办制药厂生产大量的药品、医疗器材,保障了根据地的药材供应。此外,根据地还制定了药材分配原则、标准和办法,运用多种方法对药材进行储运,并逐步构建了一套较为完善的药材工作制度。由此,华北根据地药材工作取得了显著成效,满足了根据地军民的医疗需求,保障了其生命健康,巩固并提升了部队的战斗力,为抗日战争的胜利做出了巨大贡献。

During the Total Anti-Japanese War of Resistance Against Japan,due to the frequent severe encroachment and“mopping up”by the Japanese army,the base areas in North China suffered countless military and civilian casualties and prevalent epidemic diseases,and were in extremely short supply of medicinal materials.In order to solve the problem of the shortage of medicinal materials resources in the base areas,the local health departments under the leadership of the CPC actively carried out the work of medicinal materials.In terms of the supply of medicinal materials,in addition to raising needed medicinal materials through the channels of purchasing,seizing the enemy's medicinal materials in the battlefield,and making substitutes from local materials,the local health departments also adhered to the policy of“self-reliance”and strived to establish pharmaceutical factories to produce a large number of medicines and equipment,which ensured the supply of medicinal materials in the base areas.In addition,the base areas still formulated the principles,standards and methods for the distribution of medicinal materials,used various methods for the storage and transportation of medicinal materials,and gradually built a set of relatively perfect working system of medicinal materials.On this basis,the work of medicinal materials in the base areas of North China achieved remarkable results,meeting the medical needs of the soldiers and civilians in the base areas,safeguarding their lives and health,consolidating and improving the combat effectiveness of the troops,and making great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan.